ALTER USER

ALTER USER 语句用于更改 TiDB 权限系统内的已有用户。和 MySQL 一样,在 TiDB 权限系统中,用户是用户名和用户名所连接主机的组合。因此,可创建一个用户 'newuser2'@'192.168.1.1',使其只能通过 IP 地址 192.168.1.1 进行连接。相同的用户名从不同主机登录时可能会拥有不同的权限。

语法图

AlterUserStmt
ALTERUSERIfExistsUserSpecListRequireClauseOptConnectionOptionsPasswordOptionLockOptionAttributeOptionUSER()IDENTIFIEDBYAuthStringResourceGroupNameOption
UserSpecList
UserSpec,
UserSpec
UsernameAuthOption
Username
StringName@StringNamesingleAtIdentifierCURRENT_USEROptionalBraces
AuthOption
IDENTIFIEDBYAuthStringPASSWORDHashStringWITHStringNameBYAuthStringASHashString
PasswordOption
PASSWORDEXPIREDEFAULTNEVERINTERVALNDAYPASSWORDHISTORYDEFAULTNPASSWORDREUSEINTERVALDEFAULTNDAYFAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTSNPASSWORD_LOCK_TIMENUNBOUNDED
LockOption
ACCOUNTLOCKACCOUNTUNLOCK
AttributeOption
COMMENTCommentStringATTRIBUTEAttributeString
ResourceGroupNameOption
RESOURCEGROUPIdentifier

示例

CREATE USER 'newuser' IDENTIFIED BY 'newuserpassword';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
SHOW CREATE USER 'newuser';
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | CREATE USER for newuser@% | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | CREATE USER 'newuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH 'mysql_native_password' AS '*5806E04BBEE79E1899964C6A04D68BCA69B1A879' REQUIRE NONE PASSWORD EXPIRE DEFAULT ACCOUNT UNLOCK | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

修改用户基本信息

修改用户 newuser 的密码:

ALTER USER 'newuser' IDENTIFIED BY 'newnewpassword';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
SHOW CREATE USER 'newuser';
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | CREATE USER for newuser@% | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | CREATE USER 'newuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH 'mysql_native_password' AS '*FB8A1EA1353E8775CA836233E367FBDFCB37BE73' REQUIRE NONE PASSWORD EXPIRE DEFAULT ACCOUNT UNLOCK | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

锁定用户 newuser

ALTER USER 'newuser' ACCOUNT LOCK;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

修改 newuser 的属性:

ALTER USER 'newuser' ATTRIBUTE '{"newAttr": "value", "deprecatedAttr": null}'; SELECT * FROM information_schema.user_attributes;
+-----------+------+--------------------------+ | USER | HOST | ATTRIBUTE | +-----------+------+--------------------------+ | newuser | % | {"newAttr": "value"} | +-----------+------+--------------------------+ 1 rows in set (0.00 sec)

通过 ALTER USER ... COMMENT 修改用户 newuser 的注释:

ALTER USER 'newuser' COMMENT 'Here is the comment'; SELECT * FROM information_schema.user_attributes;
+-----------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+ | USER | HOST | ATTRIBUTE | +-----------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+ | newuser | % | {"comment": "Here is the comment", "newAttr": "value"} | +-----------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+ 1 rows in set (0.00 sec)

通过 ALTER USER ... ATTRIBUTE 删除用户 newuser 的注释:

ALTER USER 'newuser' ATTRIBUTE '{"comment": null}'; SELECT * FROM information_schema.user_attributes;
+-----------+------+---------------------------+ | USER | HOST | ATTRIBUTE | +-----------+------+---------------------------+ | newuser | % | {"newAttr": "value"} | +-----------+------+---------------------------+ 1 rows in set (0.00 sec)

通过 ALTER USER ... PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER 修改用户 newuser 的自动密码过期策略为永不过期:

ALTER USER 'newuser' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

通过 ALTER USER ... PASSWORD REUSE INTERVAL ... DAY 修改用户 newuser 的密码重用策略为不允许重复使用最近 90 天内使用过的密码:

ALTER USER 'newuser' PASSWORD REUSE INTERVAL 90 DAY;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

修改用户绑定的资源组

通过 ALTER USER ... RESOURCE GROUP 修改用户 newuser 的资源组到 rg1

ALTER USER 'newuser' RESOURCE GROUP rg1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

查看当前用户绑定的资源组:

SELECT USER, JSON_EXTRACT(User_attributes, "$.resource_group") FROM mysql.user WHERE user = "newuser";
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+ | USER | JSON_EXTRACT(User_attributes, "$.resource_group") | +---------+---------------------------------------------------+ | newuser | "rg1" | +---------+---------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.02 sec)

取消用户绑定的资源组,即将用户绑定的资源组设置为空。取消后,用户会绑定到 default 资源组。

ALTER USER 'newuser' RESOURCE GROUP ``; SELECT USER, JSON_EXTRACT(User_attributes, "$.resource_group") FROM mysql.user WHERE user = "newuser";
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+ | USER | JSON_EXTRACT(User_attributes, "$.resource_group") | +---------+---------------------------------------------------+ | newuser | "" | +---------+---------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.02 sec)

另请参阅