Important

You are viewing the archived documentation of TiDB, which no longer receives updates. It is recommended that you use the latest LTS version of the TiDB database.

Software and Hardware Recommendations

As an open source distributed NewSQL database with high performance, TiDB can be deployed in the Intel architecture server, ARM architecture server, and major virtualization environments and runs well. TiDB supports most of the major hardware networks and Linux operating systems.

Linux OS version requirements

Linux OS	Version
Red Hat Enterprise Linux	7.3 or later 7.x releases
CentOS	7.3 or later 7.x releases
Oracle Enterprise Linux	7.3 or later 7.x releases
Amazon Linux	2
Ubuntu LTS	16.04 or later

Note

For Oracle Enterprise Linux, TiDB supports the Red Hat Compatible Kernel (RHCK) and does not support the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel provided by Oracle Enterprise Linux.
A large number of TiDB tests have been run on the CentOS 7.3 system, and in our community there are a lot of best practices in which TiDB is deployed on the Linux operating system. Therefore, it is recommended to deploy TiDB on CentOS 7.3 or later.
The support for the Linux operating systems above includes the deployment and operation in physical servers as well as in major virtualized environments like VMware, KVM and XEN.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.0, CentOS 8 Stream, and Oracle Enterprise Linux 8.0 are not supported yet as the testing of these platforms is in progress.
Support for CentOS 8 Linux is not planned because its upstream support ends on December 31, 2021.
Support for Ubuntu 16.04 will be removed in future versions of TiDB. Upgrading to Ubuntu 18.04 or later is strongly recommended.

Other Linux OS versions such as Debian Linux and Fedora Linux might work but are not officially supported.

Software recommendations

Control machine

Software	Version
sshpass	1.06 or later
TiUP	1.5.0 or later

Note

It is required that you deploy TiUP on the control machine to operate and manage TiDB clusters.

Target machines

Software	Version
sshpass	1.06 or later
numa	2.0.12 or later
tar	any

Server recommendations

You can deploy and run TiDB on the 64-bit generic hardware server platform in the Intel x86-64 architecture or on the hardware server platform in the ARM architecture. The requirements and recommendations about server hardware configuration (ignoring the resources occupied by the operating system itself) for development, test, and production environments are as follows:

Development and test environments

Component	CPU	Memory	Local Storage	Network	Instance Number (Minimum Requirement)
TiDB	8 core+	16 GB+	No special requirements	Gigabit network card	1 (can be deployed on the same machine with PD)
PD	4 core+	8 GB+	SAS, 200 GB+	Gigabit network card	1 (can be deployed on the same machine with TiDB)
TiKV	8 core+	32 GB+	SAS, 200 GB+	Gigabit network card	3
TiFlash	32 core+	64 GB+	SSD, 200 GB+	Gigabit network card	1
TiCDC	8 core+	16 GB+	SAS, 200 GB+	Gigabit network card	1

Note

In the test environment, the TiDB and PD instances can be deployed on the same server.
For performance-related test, do not use low-performance storage and network hardware configuration, in order to guarantee the correctness of the test result.
For the TiKV server, it is recommended to use NVMe SSDs to ensure faster reads and writes.
If you only want to test and verify the features, follow Quick Start Guide for TiDB to deploy TiDB on a single machine.
The TiDB server uses the disk to store server logs, so there are no special requirements for the disk type and capacity in the test environment.

Production environment

Component	CPU	Memory	Hard Disk Type	Network	Instance Number (Minimum Requirement)
TiDB	16 core+	48 GB+	SAS	10 Gigabit network card (2 preferred)	2
PD	8 core+	16 GB+	SSD	10 Gigabit network card (2 preferred)	3
TiKV	16 core+	64 GB+	SSD	10 Gigabit network card (2 preferred)	3
TiFlash	48 core+	128 GB+	1 or more SSDs	10 Gigabit network card (2 preferred)	2
TiCDC	16 core+	64 GB+	SSD	10 Gigabit network card (2 preferred)	2
Monitor	8 core+	16 GB+	SAS	Gigabit network card	1

Note

In the production environment, the TiDB and PD instances can be deployed on the same server. If you have a higher requirement for performance and reliability, try to deploy them separately.
It is strongly recommended to use higher configuration in the production environment.
It is recommended to keep the size of TiKV hard disk within 2 TB if you are using PCIe SSDs or within 1.5 TB if you are using regular SSDs.

Before you deploy TiFlash, note the following items:

TiFlash can be deployed on multiple disks.
It is recommended to use a high-performance SSD as the first disk of the TiFlash data directory to buffer the real-time replication of TiKV data. The performance of this disk should not be lower than that of TiKV, such as PCI-E SSD. The disk capacity should be no less than 10% of the total capacity; otherwise, it might become the bottleneck of this node. You can deploy ordinary SSDs for other disks, but note that a better PCI-E SSD brings better performance.
It is recommended to deploy TiFlash on different nodes from TiKV. If you must deploy TiFlash and TiKV on the same node, increase the number of CPU cores and memory, and try to deploy TiFlash and TiKV on different disks to avoid interfering each other.
The total capacity of the TiFlash disks is calculated in this way: the data volume of the entire TiKV cluster to be replicated / the number of TiKV replicas * the number of TiFlash replicas. For example, if the overall planned capacity of TiKV is 1 TB, the number of TiKV replicas is 3, and the number of TiFlash replicas is 2, then the recommended total capacity of TiFlash is 1024 GB / 3 * 2. You can replicate only the data of some tables. In such case, determine the TiFlash capacity according to the data volume of the tables to be replicated.

Before you deploy TiCDC, note that it is recommended to deploy TiCDC on PCIe-SSD disks larger than 1 TB.

Network requirements

As an open source distributed NewSQL database, TiDB requires the following network port configuration to run. Based on the TiDB deployment in actual environments, the administrator can open relevant ports in the network side and host side.

Component	Default Port	Description
TiDB	4000	the communication port for the application and DBA tools
TiDB	10080	the communication port to report TiDB status
TiKV	20160	the TiKV communication port
TiKV	20180	the communication port to report TiKV status
PD	2379	the communication port between TiDB and PD
PD	2380	the inter-node communication port within the PD cluster
TiFlash	9000	the TiFlash TCP service port
TiFlash	8123	the TiFlash HTTP service port
TiFlash	3930	the TiFlash RAFT and Coprocessor service port
TiFlash	20170	the TiFlash Proxy service port
TiFlash	20292	the port for Prometheus to pull TiFlash Proxy metrics
TiFlash	8234	the port for Prometheus to pull TiFlash metrics
Pump	8250	the Pump communication port
Drainer	8249	the Drainer communication port
TiCDC	8300	the TiCDC communication port
Monitoring	9090	the communication port for the Prometheus service
Monitoring	12020	the communication port for the NgMonitoring service
Node_exporter	9100	the communication port to report the system information of every TiDB cluster node
Blackbox_exporter	9115	the Blackbox_exporter communication port, used to monitor the ports in the TiDB cluster
Grafana	3000	the port for the external Web monitoring service and client (Browser) access
Alertmanager	9093	the port for the alert web service
Alertmanager	9094	the alert communication port

Disk space requirements

Component	Disk space requirement	Healthy disk usage
TiDB	At least 30 GB for the log disk	Lower than 90%
PD	At least 20 GB for the data disk and for the log disk, respectively	Lower than 90%
TiKV	At least 100 GB for the data disk and for the log disk, respectively	Lower than 80%
TiFlash	At least 100 GB for the data disk and at least 30 GB for the log disk, respectively	Lower than 80%
TiUP	Control machine: No more than 1 GB space is required for deploying a TiDB cluster of a single version. The space required increases if TiDB clusters of multiple versions are deployed. Deployment servers (machines where the TiDB components run): TiFlash occupies about 700 MB space and other components (such as PD, TiDB, and TiKV) occupy about 200 MB space respectively. During the cluster deployment process, the TiUP cluster requires less than 1 MB of temporary space (`/tmp` directory) to store temporary files.	N/A
Ngmonitoring	Conprof: 3 x 1 GB x Number of components (each component occupies about 1 GB per day, 3 days in total) + 20 GB reserved space Top SQL: 30 x 50 MB x Number of components (each component occupies about 50 MB per day, 30 days in total) Conprof and Top SQL share the reserved space	N/A

Web browser requirements

TiDB relies on Grafana to provide visualization of database metrics. A recent version of Internet Explorer, Chrome or Firefox with Javascript enabled is sufficient.